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Check the following:

• Quotes and citations (see “Citations done right”)

• Spelling and grammar (have someone proofread your work)

Things to bear in mind when writing an academic text:

Tipp

title	Make sure your sentences are easy to understand:

Keep main clauses and subordinate clauses together
Break up long sentences into shorter ones or use punctuation such as colons and semicolons
Active, not passive
Make sure the subject and verb agree

Warnung

title	Avoid filler words and unnecessary phrases:

Examples of unnecessary words:

Past experience
The reasons noted
The results achieved
The disruptions that occurred
Common filler words include: purely, mostly, but, well, exactly, namely, also, definitely, so to speak, simply, to this end, ultimately

Last but not least:

Formal criteria:

Pay attention to your instructor’s specifications here. There are a number of criteria that often apply:

Scope: printing on one side of the page, page numbering (not including title page), number of pages or characters specified by instructor (in case of doubt, it is a good idea to consult the study and examination regulations for your discipline)
Body text: paragraph justification and hyphenation at the end of the line, headings aligned left, line spacing: 1.5 lines, leave sufficient margins for corrections (3 cm)
Fonts: Times New Roman or Arial, 12 pt

The formal structure of your paper:

Title page
Table of contents
List of abbreviations, if applicable
List of illustrations, if applicable
Introduction
Main or central body text
Summary/conclusion/outlook
Appendix, if applicable
Bibliography
Affidavit (you can generally get the template for this from the examinations office responsible for your discipline or from your institute’s website)

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